API GL-1
Designates the type of service characteristics of manual transmissions operating under such mild conditions of low units pressures and minimum sliding velocities, that untreated oil may be used satisfactorily. Oxidation and rust inhibitors, defoamers, and pour depressants may be used to improve the characteristics of lubricants intended for this service. Frictional modifiers and extreme pressure additives shall not be utilized. Due to speeds and loads involved, untreated oil is generally not a satisfactory lubricant for many passenger car manual transmissions. For some truck and tractor manual transmissions, untreated oils may be used successfully. In all cases, the transmission manufacturers’ specific lubricants recommendations should be followed.
API GL-2
Designates the type of service characteristic of automotive type worm-gear axles operating under such conditions of load, temperature and sliding velocities that lubricants satisfactory for AP] GL-1 will not suffice. Products suited for this type of service contain anti-wear or very mild extreme-pressure agents, which provide protection for worm gears.
API GL-3
Designates the type of service characteristic of manual transmissions and spiral-bevel axles operating under mild to moderate to severe conditions of speed and load. These service conditions require a lubricant having load-carrying capacities greater than those that will satisfy AP] GL-1 service, but below the requirements of lubricants satisfying API GL-4 service. Gear lubricants designated for API GL-3 are not intended for hypoid gear applications.
API GL-4
Designates the type of service characteristic of spiral-bevel and hypoid gears in automotive axles operated under moderate speeds and loads. These oils may be used in selected manual transmission and transaxle applications. (User should consult axle/transmission manufacturers’ specific lubric ant recommendations). While this service designation is still used commercially to describe lubricants, some test equipment used for performance verification is no longer available. ASTM is investigating the possibility of redefining service designation API GL-4 using modern test equipment.
API GL-5
Designates the type of service characteristic of gears, particularly hypoids in automotive axles operated under high-speed and/or low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lubricants qualified under U.S. Military Specification MIL-L-2105D (formerly MIL-L-2105C) satisfy the requirements of the AP] GL-5 designation. Details of AP] GL-5 performance tests are contained is ASTM Publication STP-512A, Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubricants Intended for API GL-5 Service.
API GL-6
Designates the type of service characteristic of gears designed with a very high pinion offset. Such designs typically require (gear) score protection in excess of that provided by API GL-5 gear oils. A shift to more modest pinion offsets, coupled with the obsolescence of original API GL-6 test equipment and procedure, has greatly diminished the commercial need for API GL-6 gear lubricants.
CJ—4 Introduced in 2008. For high-speed.
For low SAPS and fuel economy coupled with exhaust gas recirculation. Lubricant is in- tended for combustion with iesel fuels containing less than 100 ppm. Blended with Group III and IV base oils. Can be used to replace Cl-4, CH-4 and former API performance level oils.
Ci-4 Introduced in 2002.
For four-stroke engines designed to meet 2004 exhautsemission standards implemented in 2002. Cl-4 oils are ormulated to sustain engine durability where exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is used: ntended for use with diesel fuels ranging in sulfur content up to 0.5% weight. Can be used in place of CD, CE, CF-4, CG-4, and for CH-4 oils. Some Cl-4 oils may also qualify for the Cl-4 PLUS esignation.
CH-4 For 1998 Service Duty Diesel Engine Service.
API Service Category CH-4 describes oils for use in high-speed, four-stroke diesel engines designed to meet 1998 exhaust emissions standards as well as for previous model years. CH-4 oils are specifically compounded for use with diesel fuels ranging insulfur content up to 0.5 percent weight. These oils are especially effective to sustain engine durability even under adverse applications that may stress wear control, high temperature stability, and soot handling properties. In addition, optimum protection is provided against non-Ferrous corrosion, oxidative and insoluble thickening, foaming, and viscosity loss due to shear. These oils also have the performance capability to afford a more flexible approach to oil drain intervals in accordance with the recommendations of the individual engine builders for their specificengines. CH-4 oils are superior in performance to those meeting AP! CF-4 and API CG-4 and can effectively lubricate engines calling for those API Service Categories.
CG-4 For Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service.
API Service Category CG-4 describes oils for use in high speed four stroke-cycle diesel engines used on both heavy-duty on —-highway (less than 0.05% wt. sulfur fuel) and off highway (less than 0.5% wt. sulfur fuel) applications. CG-4 oils rovide effective control over high temperature piston deposits, wear, corrosion, foaming, and oxidation stability and soot accumulation. These oils are especially effective in engines designed to meet 1994 exhaust emission standards and ay also be used in engines requiring API Service Categories CD, CE and CF04. Oils designated for this service have been in existence since 1994.
CF-2 For Two-Stroke Cycle Diesel Engine Service.
API Service category CF-2 denotes service typical of two-stroke cycle engines requiring high effective control over Cylinder and ring-face scuffing and deposits. Oils designated for this service have been in existence since 1994 and may also be used when API Service Category CD-Il is recommended. These oils do not necessarily meet the requirements of CF or CF-4 unless passing test requirements for these categories.
CF For Indirect Injected Diesel Engine Service.
API Service Category CF denotes service typical of indirect injected diesel engines, andother diesel engines which use a broad range of fuel types including those using fuel wit higher sulfur content, for example, over 0.5% wt. Effective Control of piston deposits, wear and copper — containing bearing corrosion is essential for these engines which may be naturally aspirated, turbocharged or supercharged. Oils designated for this service have been in existence since 1994. Oils designed for this service may also be used when API service category CD is recommended.
CF-4
For High Performance Diesel Engine Service. This category was adopted in 1990 and describes oils for use in high speed, four-stroke diesel engines, API CF-4 oils exceed the requirements of the CE category, providing improved control of oil consumption and piston deposits. Oils meeting the performance requirements in the following diesel and gasoline engine tests: The 1K diesel engine test, which has been correlated with direct injection engines used in heavy-duty service prior to 1990, particularly with regard to piston and ring groove deposits. The T-6, T-7, NTC 400 and L-38 engines: See AP] CE Category above for explanation.
CE
For High Performance Diesel Engine Service. Service typical of many turbocharged or supercharged high performance diesel engines, operated under both low speed-high load and high speed-high load conditions. Oils designed for this service have been available since 1984 and provide improved control of oil consumption, oil thickening and piston assembly deposits and wear relative to the performance potential offered by oils designed for Category CD Service. Oils meeting the performance requirements of the following diesel and gasoline engine tests; The 1 G2 diesel engine test has been correlated with indirect injection engines used in heavy-duty service, particularly with regard to piston and ring groove deposits. The T-6, T-7 and NTC-400 are direct injection diesel engine tests. The T-6 has been correlated with vehicles equipped with engines used in high-speed operation prior to 1980, particularly with regard to deposits, oil consumption and wear. The T-7 test has been correlated with vehicles equipped with engines used in lugging operation prior to 1984, particularly with regard to oil thickening. The NTC-400 diesel 211 engine test has been correlated with vehicles equipped with engines in highway operation prior to 1983, particularly with regard to oil consumption, deposits and wear. The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement provides a measurement of copper-lead bearing weight loss under high-temperature operating conditions.
CDII
For Severe Duty 2-Stroke Diesel Engine Service. Service typical of 2-stroke cycled engines requiring highly efficient control over wear and deposits. Oils designed for this service also meet the performance requirements of API service category CD. Oils meeting the performance requirements measured in the following diesel and gasoline engine tests: The 1-G2 diesel engine test has been correlated with indirect injection engines used in heavy-duty operation, particularly with regard to piston and ring groove deposits. The 6V-53T diesel engine test has been correlated with vehicles equipped with two-stroke cycle diesel engines in high-speed operation prior to 1985, particularly with regard to ring and liner distress. The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement provides a measurement of copper-lead bearing weight loss and piston varnish under high- temperature operating conditions.
CO For Severe Duty Diesel Engine Service.
Service typical of certain naturally aspirated, turbocharged or supercharged diesel engines where highly effective control of wear and deposits in vital, or when using fuels of a wide quality range including high sulfur fuels. Oils designed for this service were introduced in 1955 and provide protection from bearing corrosion and from high temperature deposits in these diesel engines. Oil meeting the performance requirements measure in the following diesel and gasoline engine tests: The 1-G2 diesel engine test has 210 been correlated with indirect injection engines used in heavy-duty operation, particularly with regard to piston and ring grove deposits. The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement provides a measurement of copper-lead bearing weight loss and piston varnish under high-temperature operating conditions.
CC For Moderate Duty Diesel and Gasoline Engines Service.
Service typical of many naturally aspirated diesel engines operated in moderate to severe-duty service and certain heavy-duty gasoline engines. Oils designed for this service provide protection from high temperature deposits and bearing corrosion and low temperature deposits in gasoline engines. These oils were introduced in 1961.
CB For Moderate Duty Diesel Engine Service.
Service typical of diesel engines operated in mild to moderate duty, but with lower-quality fuels which necessitate more protection for wear and deposits. Occasionally has included gasoline engines in mild service. Oils designed for this service provide necessary protection from bearing corrosion and from ring belt deposits in some naturally aspirated diesel engines with higher-sulfur fuels. Oils designed for this service were introduced in 1949.
CR For Light Duty Diesel Engine Service.
Service typical of diesel engine operated in mild to moderate duly with high-quality fuels and occasionally has included gasoline engines in mild service. Oils designed for this service provide protection from bearing corrosion and from ring belt deposits in some naturally aspirated diesel engines when using fuels of such quality that they imposed no unusual requirements for wear and deposit protection. They were widely used in the late 1940’s and 1950’s but should not be used in any engine unless specifically recommended by the equipment manufacturer.
These sequences define the minimum quality level of product for presentation to CCMC members
GASOLINE ENGINES:
CCMC G1 (obsolete)
1984, normal performance, normal viscosity. Approximately equivalent to API SE plus European tests.
CCMC G2 (obsolete)
1984, higher performance, normal viscosity. Approximately equivalent to API SF plus European tests.
CCMC G3 (obsolete)
1984, higher performance, low viscosity. Approximately equivalent to API SF / CC plus European tests.
CCMC G4 (obsolete)
1989, normal viscosity. Performance well beyond the AP! SG minimum with particular emphasis on valve train wears protection and high temperature sludge resistance.
CCMC G5 (obsolete)
1989, low viscosity. Performance well beyond the API SG minimum with particular emphasis on valve train wears protection and high temperature sludge resistance.
DIESEL ENGINES:
CCMC D1 (obsolete)
1984, naturally aspirated, light duty operation. Approximately equivalent to MIL-L-46152A (API CC/ SE) plus European tests.
CCMC D2 (obsolete)
1984 Naturally aspirated and turbocharged, heavy-duty operation. Approximately equivalent to MIL-L-2104C (API CD / SD) plus European tests.
CCMC D3 (obsolete)
1984, naturally aspirated and turbocharged, extra heavy-duty operation. Performance well beyond MIL-L-2104C diesel minimum, with particular emphasis on bore polishing protection.
CCMC D4 (obsolete)
1989, commercial vehicle, heavy-duty operation. Performance well beyond CCMC D2 minimum, with emphasis on bore polishing protection, soot dispersion and valve train wear protection.
CCMC D5 (obsolete)
1989, commercial vehicle, extra heavy-duty operation. Bore polishing protection beyond that required for CCMD D3, plus improved soot dispersion and valve train wear protection.
CCMC PD1 (obsolete)
1989, diesel passenger cars. Better protection against ring sticking and valve train wear relative to CCMC PD1
CCMC PD2 (obsolete)
Service typical of diesel engines operated in mild to moderate duty, but with lower-quality fuels which necessitate more protection for wear and deposits. Occasionally has included gasoline engines in mild service. Oils designed for this service provide necessary protection from bearing corrosion and from ring belt deposits in some naturally aspirated diesel engines with higher-sulfur fuels. Oils designed for this service were introduced in 1949.
ACER 7 CCMC EYVUROPERN OIL SEQUENCES FOR SERVICE-FUEL OILS
The ACEA (Associationdes Constructeurs European d’Automobiles) released new European performance levels for lubricants which came into effect at the start of 1996. These new standards will replace the outdated CCMC Sequences previously used to define European gasoline and diesel engine oil quality. The ACEA Sequences consist on nine designations within three main categories. The three categories are Passenger Car Gasoline Engine Oil, Passenger Car Diesel Engine Oil and Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Oil, known respectively as A, B and E. There are three oil performance levels within each category:- Gasoline Engines (A1-96, A2-96, A3-96), Passenger Car Diesel Engines (B1-96, B2-96, B3-96), and Heavy-Duty diesel Engines (E1-96, E2-96, E3-96).
ACER SEQUENCES
Passenger Car Gasoline Engine Oils:
A1-96: Similar to API SH or SJ, but with better high temperature properties. Some properties, such as high-temperature/high-shear (HTHS) viscosity, have; maximum limits, and oils meeting A2 and A3 cannot also meet A1.
A2-96:Similar to ACEA A1, but with a higher minimum shear stability, lower evaporative loss for some viscosity grades, and a higher minimum HTHS viscosity specified for bearing protection under high temperature operating conditions. A3 lubricants cannot meet all the requirements of A1, some of which have maximum values set below the minimum value set for A2.
A3-96:Similar to ACEA A1 and A2, but with stay in grade shear stability, and tighter limits on evaporative loss and high temperature oxidation and piston varnish. A3 lubricants cannot meet all the requirements of A1, some of which have maximum values set below the minimum value set for A3. A3 lubricants automatically meet all requirements of A2.
Passenger Car Diesel Engine Oils:
B1-96:Performance beyond that of the former CCMC PD-2, with better high temperature deposit control, soot dispersancy and valve train wear protection. Some properties, such as high temperature / high-shear (HTHS) viscosity, have maximum limits, and oils meeting B2 and B3 cannot also meet B1.
B2-96:Similar to ACEA B1, but with a higher minimum shear stability, lower evaporative loss for some viscosity grades, and a higher minimum HTHS viscosity specified for bearing protection under high temperature operating conditions. B2 lubricants cannot meet all the requirements of B1, some of which have maximum values set below the minimum value set for B2.
B3-96:Similar to ACEA B1 and B2, but with stay in grade shear stability, and much tighter limits on evaporative loss, medium temperature dispersivity and cam wear. B3 lubricants cannot meet all the requirements of B1, some of which have maximum values below the minimum value set for B3. B3 lubricants automatically meet all requirements of B2.
Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Oils:
E1-96:Approximately equivalent to the former CCMC D-4 and the obsolete Mercedes-Benz sheets 227.0/1 with marginal improvements in shear stability and bore polishing resistance.
ACER 7 CCMC EUROPEAN OIL
SEQUENCES FOR SERVICE-FUEL OILS
E2-96:Approximately equivalent to Mercedes-Benz sheets 228.0/1, the updated MAN 270/171 and that informally described as “CCMC D-4 Plus”, with marked improvements in bore polishing resistance and piston cleanliness over the former CCMC D-4. It is expected to become the OEM base requirement for heavy duty diesel engine oils
E3-96:Essentially equivalent to the former CCMC D-5, approximately at the Mercedes-Benz 228 .2/3 level. E3 does include Mack T-8 test requirements for determining dispersancy which may eliminate some former CCMC D-5 oils.
CCMC SEQUENCES
All CCMC Sequences are now obsolete.
ACEA:
Association des Constructeurs Europeens Automobiles.
Additive:
Any material that is incorporated into a product at relatively low concentration to impart newproperties or enhance existing properties.
AFNOR:
Association Francaise de Normalisation (France).
AGMA:
American Gear Manufacturers Association.
API:
API Gravity:
An arbitrary-scale expressing, in degrees API, the specific gravity of liquid petroleum products. Deg. API= (141.5/ Sp gr 60/60 F ) – 131.5
API Service Classification:
A system of letter designations agreed on by API, SAE, and ASTM to define broad classes of engine service. Also a system of service classifications for automotive gear lubricants.
ASLE
American Petroleum Institute
American Society of Lubrication Engineers.
ASTM:
American Society for Testing and Materials.
ATF:
Automatic Transmission Fluid.
BSI:
British Standards Institute.
STLE:
Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers.
STOU:
Super Tractor Oil Universal.
SUS
Saybolt Universal Seconds.
Synthetic Lubricant:
Lubricating fluid made by chemically reacting materials of a specific chemical composition to produce a compound with planned and predicable properties.
Viscosity:
Measure of the resistance to flow, or internal friction, of a fluid. Viscosity changes with temperature so the temperature at which the measurements were made must always be specified.
Viscosity Index (VI):
An arbitrary scale used to show the relative magnitude of viscosity changes with temperature. Higher VI oils have less charge in viscosity with temperature.
Viscosity Improver:
Lubricant additive, usually a high molecular weight polymer, that reduces the tendency of an oil’s viscosity to change with temperature.
| UNIT | MULTIPLIERS | UNIT | ||
| Pressure (force/area) | < | > | Pressure (force/area): | |
| lb-force/in2.psi | 0.00694 | 144.00 | Lb-force/ft2, psf | |
| 14.696 | 0.06805 | Atmosphere, atm | ||
| 0.19337 | 5.1715 | cm HG at 0°C | ||
| 0.03613 | 27.673 | In H20 at 4°C | ||
| 0.14504 | 6.8948 | kilopascal, kPa | ||
| 0.01450 | 68.948 | miliba,r mbar | ||
| Atmosphere, atm | 1.0333 | 0.96784 | kg-force/cm2 ,kgf/cm2 | |
| 0.01316 | 76.000 | cm HG at 0°C | ||
| 0.00246 | 406.79 | in H20 at 4°C | ||
| 0.00987 | 101.32 | kilopascal, kPa | ||
| cm Hg at 0°C | 73.556 | 0.01360 | kg-force/cm? ,kgf/cm2 | |
| 0.18683 | 5.3525 | in H20 at 4°C | ||
| 0.075008 | 1.3332 | kilopascal, kPa | ||
| 14.696 | 0.06805 | Atmosphere, atm | ||
| in H20 at 4°C | 0.03937 | 25.399 | kg-force/cm? ,kgf/cm2 | |
| 4.0147 | 0.24908 | kilopascal, kPa | ||
| 14.696 | 0.06805 | Atmosphere, atm | ||
| milibar, mbar | 10.000 | 0.10000 | kilopascal, kPa | |
| Power Power | ||||
| Btu/hour, Btu/hr | 3.4122 | 0.29307 | Watt, W | |
| kilocalorie/hour, kcal/hr | 0.85985 | 1.163 | Watt, W | |
| foot-pound/sec, ft.lbf/s | 0.73757 | 1.3558 | Watt, W | |
| 542.48 | 0.00184 | horsepower, hp | ||
| horsepower, hp | 1.3410 | 0.7457 | kilowatt, kW | |
| horsepower, hp | 1.3410 | 0.7457 | kilowatt, kW | |
| Velocity & Flow: Velocity & Flow: | ||||
| foot/seconds,ft/s | 3.2808 | 0.30480 | metre/second, m/s | |
| 0.05468 | 18.288 | metre/minutes, m/min | ||
| 1.4667 | 0.68182 | mile/hour, mph | ||
| 1.6889 | 0.59210 | knot, K (nautical mph) | ||
| mile/hour, mph | 0.62137 | 1.6093 | kilometer/hour, kh/hr | |
| 1.1516 | 0.86839 | knot, K (nautical mph) | ||
| knot,K (nautical mph) | 0.53959 | 1.8532 | kilometer/hour, km/hr | |
| ft2/min | 2.1190 | 0.47195 | litres/second, L/s | |
| gal (US) min | 15.851 | 0.06309 | litres/second, L/s | |
| Viscosity (Kinematic): | ||||
| (mm2/second), mm2/s | (milipascal-seconds), | |||
| Length: | < | > | Length: | |
| inch, in | 0.03937 | 25.400 | milimeter, mm | |
| Centistokes cSt | 1/d* | d* | centipoise, cP | |
| foot, ft | 3.2808 | 0.30480 | meter, m | |
| yard, yd | 1.0936 | 0.91440 | meter, m | |
| Statute mile, mi-5280 ft | 0.62137 | 1.6093 | kilometer, km | |
| nautical mile, Int | 0.5399 | 1.852 | kilometer, km | |
| Area: Area: | ||||
| square inch, in2 | 0.15500 | 6.4516 | square centimeter, cm2 | |
| square foor, ft2 | 10.764 | 0.09290 | squaremetre, m | |
| square yard, yd2 | 1.1960 | 0.83613 | square metre, m2 | |
| square mile, mi2 | 0.38610 | 2.5900 | square kilometer, km2 | |
| 0.00386 | 259.00 | hectares, ha | ||
| Volume: | Volume: | |||
| cubic inc, in3 | 0.06102 | 16.387 | cubic centimeter, cm3 | |
| cubic foot, ft3 | 35.315 | 0.02832 | cubic metre, m3 | |
| 0.13368 | 7.4805 | gallon (US), gal | ||
| 0.16054 | 6.2288 | gallon (Imp), gal | ||
| cubic yard, yd2 | 1.3079 | 0.76456 | cubic metre, m3 | |
| fluid ounce (US), fl oz | 0.03381 | 29.574 | cubic centimeter, cm3 | |
| point (US), liq pt (16 oz) | 2.1134 | 0.47317 | litre, L (1000.0cm3) | |
| quart (US), gt (32 oz) | 1.0567 | 0.94635 | litre, L | |
| Gallon (US), gal (128 oz) | 1.2009 | 0.83268 | gallon (Imp), | |
| (231 in3) | gal (160 imp oz) | |||
| 0.26417 | 3.7854 | litre, L | ||
| 42.00 | 0.02381 | barrel (US), bbl | ||
| barrel (US), bbl | 6.29 | 0.15899 | kilolitres, kL | |
| gallon (Imp, gal (277.4 in in3) | 0.21998 | 4.5461 | litre, L | |
| 34.973 | 0.02859 | barrel (US), bbl | ||
| Mass & Weight: | Mass & Weight: | |||
| advp ounce, oz | 0.03527 | 28.350 | gram, g | |
| advp pound, Ib (16 oz) | 2.2046 | 0.45359 | kilogram, kg | |
| short ton, t (2000 Ib) | 1.1200 | 0.89285 | long ton, 1t (2240 Ib) | |
| 1.1023 | 0.90718 | metric ton,tonne (1000 kg) | ||
| long ton, It | 0.98421 | 1.0160 | metric ton, tonne | |
| Density & Concentration: | Density & Concentration: | |||
| Ib / in3 | 0.03613 | 27.680 | G/cm3 | |
| Ib / ft3 | 0.06243 | 16.018 | kg/m3 | |
| Ib / gal (US) | 8.3454 | 0.11983 | kg/L | |
| Ib / gal (Imp.) | 10.022 | 0.09978 | kg/L | |
| Ib / 1000 bbl, (PTB) | 0.35052 | 2.8529 | mg/L |
CLASSIFICATIONS
| NLGI Number Worked Presentation | ASTM D217 WORKED PRESENTATION At 77 °F (25°C) |
| 000 | 445-475 |
| 00 | 400 — 430 |
| 0 | 355 — 385 |
| 1 | 310 — 340 |
| 2 | 265 — 295 |
| 3 | 220 — 250 |
| 4 | 175 — 205 |
| 5 | 130 — 160 |
| 6 | 85 — 115 |
S SERVICE - (Service Stations, Garages, New Car Dealers, etc.)
The following descriptions of the categories in the API Engine Service Classification Systems are intended as guides to aid in the selection of proper engine oils for significantly different engine service conditions. The performance requirements for these categories are technically described in SAE J183-June 1991, Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classification (except for SH).
SN For all automotive engines currently in use
Introduced June 2011. SN oils are designed to provide improved oxidation, improved deposit protection, better wear protection and better low temperature performance over the life of the oil. SN oils may also meet ILSAC GF4 & GF5. API SN is blended from synthetic Group Ill and IV base oils which contains no sulfur, with very high VI, very low pour point, and extremely thermal stability due to absence of unsaturated.
SM For all automotive engines currently in use
Designates the type of service characteristic of manual transmissions and spiral-bevel axles operating under mild to moderate to severe conditions of speed and load. These service conditions require a lubricant having load-carrying capacities greater than those that will satisfy AP] GL-1 service, but below the requirements of lubricants satisfying API GL-4 service. Gear lubricants designated for API GL-3 are not intended for hypoid gear applications.
SM For all automotive engines currently in use
Introduced June 2011. SN oils are designed to provide improved oxidation, improved deposit protection, better wear protection and better low temperature performance over the life of the oil. SN oils may also meet ILSAC GF4 & GF5. API SN is blended from synthetic Group Ill and IV base oils which contains no sulfur, with very high VI, very low pour point, and extremely thermal stability due to absence of unsaturated.
SL For all automotive engines in use.
Introduced in July 2001. SL oils are designed to provide better high temperature deposit controls and lower oil consumption. Some of these oils may also meet the latest ILSAC specification and / or qualify as Energy conserving.
SJ For 1997 Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service.
API Service Category SJ was adopted for use in describing engine oils available in 1996. These oils are for use in service typical of gasoline engines in cur rent and earlier passenger-car, sport utility vehicle, van, and light truck operations under vehicle manufacturers’ recommended maintenance procedures. Engine oils that meet API Service Category SJ designation may be used where API Service Category SH and earlier Categories have been recommended. Engine oils that meet the API Service Category SJ designation have been tested in accordance with the CMA Code, may use the API Base Oil Inter-changeability Guidelines and the API Guidelines for SAE Viscosity Grade Engine Testing. Engine oils that meet these requirements may display API Service Category SJ in the upper portion of the API Service Symbol.
SH For 1992 Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service.
Category SH covers the performance requirements of SG oils tested to the latest CMA protocol on engine testing. In addition, SH oils must meet various bench test requirements including volatility, filterability and foaming tests.
SJ For 1989 Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service
Service typical of gasoline engine in passenger cars, vans and light trucks beginning with the
1989 model year operating under manufacturers’ recommended maintenance procedures.
Category SG quality oils include the performance properties of API service category CC. (Certain manufacturers of gasoline engines require oils 207 also meeting AP! Category CD). Oils developed for this service provide improved control of engine deposits, oil oxidation and engine wear relative to oils developed for previous categories. These oils also provide protection against rust and corrosion. Oils meeting API Service Category SG may be used where API Service Categories SF, SF/CC, SE or SE/CC are recommended.
Oils meeting the performance requirements measured in the following gasoline and diesel engine tests:
.The IID gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used in short-trip service prior to 1978, particularly with regard to rusting.
.The iie gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used in high-temperature service prior to 1988, particularly with regard to oil thickening and value train wear.
.High Viscosity Index resulting in stable viscosity during operation
.The VE gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go service prior to 1988, particularly with regard to sludge and valve train wear.
.The L-38 gasoline engine test requirement provides a measurement of copper-lead bearing weight loss and piston varnish under high temperature operating conditions.
.The 1-H2 diesel engine test requirement provides a measurement of high-temperature deposits.
SF For 1980 Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service.
Service typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars and some trucks beginning with the 1980 model year operating under manufacturers’ recommended maintenance procedures. Oils developed for this service provide increased oxidation stability and improved anti-wear performance relative to oils, which meet the minimum requirements for API Service Category SE. The oils also provide protection against engine deposits, rust and corrosion. Oils meeting API Service Classification SF may be used where API Service Categories SE, SD or SC are recommended. Oils Meeting the performance requirements measured in the following gasoline engine tests: The IID gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used in short-trip service prior to 1978, particularly with regard to rusting. The IIID gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used in high temperature service prior to 1978, particularly with regard to oil thickening and valve train wear. The V-D gasoline engine test has been correlated with vehicles used in stop-and-go-service prior to 1978, particularly with regard to varnish, sludge and value train wear. The L-38 gasoline engine test equipment provides a measurement of copper-lead bearing weight loss under high temperature operating conditions.
SE For 1972 Gasoline Engine Warranty Service.
Service typical of gasoline engines in passenger cars and some trucks beginning with 1972 and certain 1971 models operating under engine manufacturers’ warranties. Oils designed for this service provide more protection against oil oxidation, high temperature engine deposits, rust and corrosion in gasoline engines than oils which are satisfactory for API Engine Service. Categories SD or SC and may be used when either of these classifications is recommended.
SV For Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service.
Service typical of gasoline engines in 1968 through 1970 models of passenger cars and some trucks operating under engine manufacturers’ warranties in effect during those model years. Also may apply to certain 1971 and/or later models as specified (or recommended) in the owners’ manuals. Oils designed for this service provide more protection against high and low temperature engine deposits, wear, rust and corrosion in gasoline engines than oils which 206 are satisfactory for AP] Engine Service Category SC and may be used when API Engine Service Category SC is recommended.
SC For 1964 Gasoline Engine Warranty Maintenance Service.
Service typical of gasoline engines in 1964 through 1967 models of passenger cars and some trucks operating under engine manufacturers’ warranties in effect during those model years. Oils designed for this service provide control of high and low temperature deposits, wear, rust and corrosion in gasoline engines.
SB For Minimum Duty Gasoline Engine Service.
Service typical of older gasoline engines operated under such mild conditions that only minimum protection afforded by compounding is desired. Oils designed for this service have been used since the 1930’s and provide only antiscuff capability and resistance to oil oxidation and bearing corrosion. They should not be used in any engine unless specifically recommended by the equipment manufacturer.
SA Formerly for Utility Gasoline and Diesel Engine Service.
Service typical of older engines operated under such mild conditions that the protection afforded by compounded oils is not required. This category should not be used in any engine unless specially recommended by the equipment manufacturer.